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.\" titles (.TH), headers (.SH), subsections (.SS), items (.Ip), and index
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.\"
.IX Title "Mail::Address 3"
.TH Mail::Address 3 "2019-05-21" "perl v5.26.3" "User Contributed Perl Documentation"
.\" For nroff, turn off justification.  Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
.if n .ad l
.nh
.SH "NAME"
Mail::Address \- parse mail addresses
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
.Vb 2
\& use Mail::Address;
\& my @addrs = Mail::Address\->parse($line);
\&
\& foreach $addr (@addrs) {
\&     print $addr\->format,"\en";
\& }
.Ve
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
\&\f(CW\*(C`Mail::Address\*(C'\fR extracts and manipulates email addresses from a message
header.  It cannot be used to extract addresses from some random text.
You can use this module to create \s-1RFC822\s0 compliant fields.
.PP
Although \f(CW\*(C`Mail::Address\*(C'\fR is a very popular subject for books, and is
used in many applications, it does a very poor job on the more complex
message fields.  It does only handle simple address formats (which
covers about 95% of what can be found). Problems are with
.IP "\(bu" 4
no support for address groups, even not with the semi-colon as
separator between addresses;
.IP "\(bu" 4
limited support for escapes in phrases and comments.  There are
cases where it can get wrong; and
.IP "\(bu" 4
you have to take care of most escaping when you create an address yourself:
\&\f(CW\*(C`Mail::Address\*(C'\fR does not do that for you.
.PP
Often requests are made to the maintainers of this code improve this
situation, but this is not a good idea, where it will break zillions
of existing applications.  If you wish for a fully \s-1RFC2822\s0 compliant
implementation you may take a look at Mail::Message::Field::Full,
part of MailBox.
.PP
\&\fB. Example\fR
.PP
.Vb 2
\&  my $s = Mail::Message::Field::Full\->new($from_header);
\&  # ref $s isa Mail::Message::Field::Addresses;
\&
\&  my @g = $s\->groups;          # all groups, at least one
\&  # ref $g[0] isa Mail::Message::Field::AddrGroup;
\&  my $ga = $g[0]\->addresses;   # group addresses
\&
\&  my @a = $s\->addresses;       # all addresses
\&  # ref $a[0] isa Mail::Message::Field::Address;
.Ve
.SH "METHODS"
.IX Header "METHODS"
.SS "Constructors"
.IX Subsection "Constructors"
.ie n .IP "Mail::Address\->\fBnew\fR( $phrase, $address, [ $comment ] )" 4
.el .IP "Mail::Address\->\fBnew\fR( \f(CW$phrase\fR, \f(CW$address\fR, [ \f(CW$comment\fR ] )" 4
.IX Item "Mail::Address->new( $phrase, $address, [ $comment ] )"
Create a new \f(CW\*(C`Mail::Address\*(C'\fR object which represents an address with the
elements given. In a message these 3 elements would be seen like:
.Sp
.Vb 2
\& PHRASE <ADDRESS> (COMMENT)
\& ADDRESS (COMMENT)
.Ve
.Sp
example:
.Sp
.Vb 1
\& Mail::Address\->new("Perl5 Porters", "perl5\-porters@africa.nicoh.com");
.Ve
.ie n .IP "$obj\->\fBparse\fR($line)" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW$obj\fR\->\fBparse\fR($line)" 4
.IX Item "$obj->parse($line)"
Parse the given line a return a list of extracted \f(CW\*(C`Mail::Address\*(C'\fR objects.
The line would normally be one taken from a To,Cc or Bcc line in a message
.Sp
example:
.Sp
.Vb 1
\& my @addr = Mail::Address\->parse($line);
.Ve
.SS "Accessors"
.IX Subsection "Accessors"
.ie n .IP "$obj\->\fBaddress\fR()" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW$obj\fR\->\fBaddress\fR()" 4
.IX Item "$obj->address()"
Return the address part of the object.
.ie n .IP "$obj\->\fBcomment\fR()" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW$obj\fR\->\fBcomment\fR()" 4
.IX Item "$obj->comment()"
Return the comment part of the object
.ie n .IP "$obj\->\fBformat\fR(@addresses)" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW$obj\fR\->\fBformat\fR(@addresses)" 4
.IX Item "$obj->format(@addresses)"
Return a string representing the address in a suitable form to be placed
on a \f(CW\*(C`To\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`Cc\*(C'\fR, or \f(CW\*(C`Bcc\*(C'\fR line of a message.  This method is called on
the first address to be used; other specified addresses will be appended,
separated by commas.
.ie n .IP "$obj\->\fBphrase\fR()" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW$obj\fR\->\fBphrase\fR()" 4
.IX Item "$obj->phrase()"
Return the phrase part of the object.
.SS "Smart accessors"
.IX Subsection "Smart accessors"
.ie n .IP "$obj\->\fBhost\fR()" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW$obj\fR\->\fBhost\fR()" 4
.IX Item "$obj->host()"
Return the address excluding the user id and '@'
.ie n .IP "$obj\->\fBname\fR()" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW$obj\fR\->\fBname\fR()" 4
.IX Item "$obj->name()"
Using the information contained within the object attempt to identify what
the person or groups name is.
.Sp
\&\fBNote:\fR This function tries to be smart with the \*(L"phrase\*(R" of the
email address, which is probably a very bad idea.  Consider to use
\&\fBphrase()\fR itself.
.ie n .IP "$obj\->\fBuser\fR()" 4
.el .IP "\f(CW$obj\fR\->\fBuser\fR()" 4
.IX Item "$obj->user()"
Return the address excluding the '@' and the mail domain
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.IX Header "SEE ALSO"
This module is part of the MailTools distribution,
\&\fIhttp://perl.overmeer.net/mailtools/\fR.
.SH "AUTHORS"
.IX Header "AUTHORS"
The MailTools bundle was developed by Graham Barr.  Later, Mark
Overmeer took over maintenance without commitment to further development.
.PP
Mail::Cap by Gisle Aas <aas@oslonett.no>.
Mail::Field::AddrList by Peter Orbaek <poe@cit.dk>.
Mail::Mailer and Mail::Send by Tim Bunce <Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk>.
For other contributors see ChangeLog.
.SH "LICENSE"
.IX Header "LICENSE"
Copyrights 1995\-2000 Graham Barr <gbarr@pobox.com> and
2001\-2017 Mark Overmeer <perl@overmeer.net>.
.PP
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the same terms as Perl itself.
See \fIhttp://www.perl.com/perl/misc/Artistic.html\fR